Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) Calculator

Add up wages, investment, self-employment, and other income, then subtract above-the-line adjustments such as IRA and HSA contributions to estimate your AGI (Form 1040, line 11).

Quick Facts

Formula
AGI = total income − above-the-line adjustments
AGI is reported on IRS Form 1040, line 11, before the standard or itemized deduction is applied.
Self-employment
Half of SE tax is deducted automatically
SE tax = net profit × 92.35% × 15.3%; assumes earnings below the Social Security wage base.

Your Results

Calculated
Adjusted gross income (AGI)
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Total income minus adjustments
Total income
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Sum of all income sources
Total adjustments
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Above-the-line deductions
Half of SE tax deduction
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Auto-included in adjustments

Ready

Enter your income and adjustments, then press Calculate.

How the AGI Calculator works

Adjusted gross income is the figure on IRS Form 1040, line 11, and it follows one formula: AGI = total income − above-the-line adjustments. This calculator adds your wages, investment income, self-employment profit, and other taxable income, subtracts the adjustments you enter, and automatically deducts half of any self-employment tax on your net profit.

What counts as total income

  • Wages, salaries, and tips: use Box 1 of your W-2, which already excludes pre-tax 401(k) and payroll HSA/FSA contributions.
  • Investment income: taxable interest, dividends, and net capital gains. A net capital loss can offset up to $3,000 of other income, so a negative entry is allowed here.
  • Self-employment net profit: Schedule C income after business expenses; a loss reduces total income.
  • Other income: rental profit, unemployment compensation, taxable pension and IRA distributions, and similar taxable items.

Above-the-line adjustments

  • Deductible traditional IRA contributions and HSA contributions made outside payroll — payroll contributions are already out of Box 1 wages, so do not enter them twice.
  • Student loan interest (capped at $2,500 per return), educator expenses, and other Schedule 1 adjustments.
  • Half of self-employment tax, computed here as net profit × 92.35% × 15.3% ÷ 2, assuming earnings below the Social Security wage base.

Why AGI matters

AGI is the reference point for dozens of tax rules: IRA deduction and Roth IRA contribution phase-outs, the 7.5%-of-AGI floor on medical expense deductions, charitable contribution limits, and many credits that use AGI or a modified version of it (MAGI). Note that AGI is not taxable income — taxable income is AGI minus your standard or itemized deduction. Re-run the estimate when anything material changes, and confirm final figures with tax software or a CPA before filing.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between gross income and AGI?
Gross (total) income is everything taxable you received: wages, interest, dividends, capital gains, self-employment profit, rental income, and similar items. Adjusted gross income is that total minus above-the-line adjustments such as deductible traditional IRA contributions, HSA contributions made outside payroll, student loan interest (up to $2,500), and half of any self-employment tax. AGI appears on Form 1040, line 11.
Is AGI the same as taxable income?
No. Taxable income is AGI minus either the standard deduction or your itemized deductions (plus any qualified business income deduction). AGI comes first, and it is the figure most credit and deduction phase-outs reference.
Why do 401(k) contributions not appear as an adjustment?
Pre-tax 401(k) and payroll HSA or FSA contributions are excluded from the wages reported in Box 1 of your W-2, so they already reduce income before this calculation starts. Only contributions made outside payroll, such as a deductible traditional IRA contribution or a direct HSA deposit, are entered as adjustments.
How is the self-employment tax deduction calculated?
Self-employment tax is 15.3% of 92.35% of net self-employment profit, and half of that tax is an above-the-line adjustment. This calculator applies that formula automatically when net profit is positive, assuming earnings below the Social Security wage base. On $40,000 of net profit, SE tax is about $5,652 and the deduction is about $2,826.

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